Anaphylaxis and Mast Cell Disease

Anaphylaxis is an acute, life-threatening, systemic reaction that results from the sudden, rapid, systemic release of mediators from mast cells and basophils. Anaphylaxis symptoms present as new or worsening symptoms including:

• Mouth: itching, swelling of lips and/or tongue
• Throat: itching, tightness, closure, hoarseness
• Skin: itching, hives, redness, swelling, flushing
• Gut: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, cramps
• Lung: shortness of breath, cough, wheeze
• Heart: weak pulse, dizziness, passing out

Only a few of these symptoms may be present. Although the diagnosis usually depends on the involvement of 2 organ systems, even if anaphylaxis presents with 1 organ system, epinephrine administration may be indicated. Anaphylaxis may present as an acute cardiac or respiratory event or with hypotension as the only manifestation of anaphylaxis.

Symptoms can be life-threatening! ACT FAST!

Check our Table 3 on our Signs and Symptoms page for more information on anaphylaxis: When Does this Become Anaphylaxis?

The AAAAI has a very helpful resource that you can fill out to help you get the best care if you experience anaphylaxis. Their Anaphylaxis Emergency Action Plan can be printed and filled out, or filled out online.

Clinicians with the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology have just released new guidelines regarding the standard of care for when a person experiences anaphylaxis. As a result, TMS is updating its resources to conform to the new standard.